HUB:
- Hub is commonly used to connect segments of a LAN (Local Area Network).
- A hub contains multiple ports, When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can see all packets.
- Hub acts as a common connection point for devices in a network.
SWITCH:
- Switch operates at the data link layer (layer 2) and sometimes the network layer (layer 3) of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection). Reference Model and therefore support any packet protocol.
- LANs that use switches to join segments are called switched LANs or, in the case of Ethernet networks, Switched Ethernet LANs.
- In networks, switch is the device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments.
ROUTER:
- A router is connected to at least two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs (Wide Area Networks) or a LAN and its ISP's (Internet Service Provider's) network.
- Router is generally located at gateways, The places where two or more networks connect. Using headers and forwarding tables,
- Router determines the best path for forwarding the packets.
- In addition, router uses protocols such as ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) to communicate with each other and configures the best route between any two hosts. In a word, router forwards data packets along networks.
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